门宦制度是伊斯兰教在中国发展而成的具有本土色彩的特殊宗教组织形式，从教义、教法上来看，它源自于苏菲主义学派。他们认为在个人与真主之间有“中介人”，并尊奉门宦创始人为道祖，作为崇拜的对象，后继者称为老人家或者太爷，为信徒修行的导师。门宦制度的产生与伊斯兰教教派的分化以及苏菲学派学理在中国的传播是分不开的，也融入了中国传统文化元素，体现了封建社会阶级性和政治性等特征。明清时期伴随着农业传统经济的发展，经堂教育的盛行、穆斯林民族社会阶层分化促使门宦制度的建立成为历史必然。%Tariqah is a development of Islam in China with local color of the special religious organization form, from the teaching, teaching methods, it is derived from sufism school of thought. They think that there is" agent" , between the individual and god is the " saints" , founder and receives orders for fathers, as an object of worship successors is called the old man's house or great grandfather, tutor for believers to practice. And islamic sect of Islam menhuan system of differentiation and the spread of sufi school theory in China is inseparable, also blended in Chinese traditional culture elements, embodies the feudal society of nature and political characteristics. During the Ming and qing dynasties, with the development of traditional agriculture economy appear on the popularity of education, Muslim ethnic social class differentiation to promote the establishment of the Islam menhuan system be-come inevitable.
展开▼
