棉籽油脂肪酸甲酯的提纯及组成分析

摘要

Using Xinluzao No. 36 cottonseed oil as raw material, the fatty acid methyl ester( FAME) was synthesized by transesterification. Then FAME was purified by extraction, washing,concentration and re-duced pressure distillation. The effect of different treatment method in the process of extraction and wash-ing on the recovery rate of the FAME was studied and the composition of cottonseed oil FAME was ana-lyzed by gas chromatography. The results showed that after being extracted by the same volume of petrole-um ether of type II,the cottonseed oil FAME was washed by the same volume of 10% sulfuric acid solu-tion, then repeatedly washed by the same volume of 60℃ water until the pH of the water phase was 7, the recovery rate and yield of cottonseed oil FAME after reduced pressure distillation reached 97 . 1% and 94. 7%, respectively. The cottonseed oil FAME was composed of 0. 93% myristic acid methyl ester, 25. 48% methyl palmitate, 0. 62% 9-methyl palmitoleate,1. 76% methyl stearate,15. 97% methyl ole-ate and 55. 24% methyl linoleate.%以新疆石河子地区新陆早36号棉籽油为原料,通过酯交换反应制得棉籽油脂肪酸甲酯,采用萃取、洗涤、旋转蒸发、减压蒸馏对产物进行提纯,研究了萃取、洗涤过程中不同处理方法对产物回收率的影响,并采用气相色谱分析了减压蒸馏后的棉籽油脂肪酸甲酯的组成。结果表明：用等体积的Ⅱ类石油醚萃取,再用等体积的质量分数为10%的硫酸溶液洗涤,最后用等体积60℃热水反复洗涤,直至下层水相pH为7,减压蒸馏棉籽油脂肪酸甲酯回收率达到97.1%,产率达到94.7%；棉籽油脂肪酸甲酯中豆蔻酸甲酯含量为0.93%,棕榈酸甲酯含量为25.48%,9-十六烯酸甲酯含量为0.62%,硬脂酸甲酯含量为1.76%,油酸甲酯含量为15.97%,亚油酸甲酯含量为55.24%。