聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺锂离子电池隔膜材料研究进展

摘要

锂离子电池已经得到广泛应用, 但是其隔膜安全性一直没有得到彻底解决.液晶高分子聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺 (PPTA) 具有优异的耐热、耐腐蚀、制品尺寸稳定性好等特点, 其纤维材料对位芳纶具有优异的力学性能, 因此PPTA作为锂离子电池隔膜材料具有很好的应用前景.但是将PPTA制备成多孔膜是一个巨大的技术挑战.本文从技术进展的角度, 详细综述了锂离子电池隔膜制备技术的进展情况, 对PPTA电池隔膜的各个技术路线进行比较分析.最后对本研究团队在PPTA锂离子电池隔膜领域所做工作进行简要介绍.结果表明, 利用PPTA纳米纤维制备技术可以制备出厚度、孔隙率及电池性能优异的锂离子电池隔膜, PPTA隔膜具有很好的应用前景.%Lithium-ion batteries develop rapidly these years and receive wide attention for their advantages of no memory effect, outstanding cycle retention and high power density.However, widely used polyolefin separators are still unsafe because they will shrink at high temperature.In order to solve this problem, people compose polyolefin separators with heat-resistant inorganic or organic materials to endow separators with resistance to thermal shrinkage as well as shutdown function.Among all these materials, poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA) separators is very promising for the thermal stability, good chemical resistance and excellent mechanical properties.However, it is still a great technical challenge for PPTA as separator due to the difficulty in manufacturing property.This review focuses on the technical developments of PPTA pure and composite separators, and introduces the contribution of our research team on PPTA separator.Pure and composite PPTA separators can be produced using PPTA nanofiber self-assembly method, which results in controllable thickness, porosity of separator and excellent battery properties.The results show that PPTA separator is promising in lithium ion battery application as safe separator.