The traditional classified methods of innovation and technology policy include innovative pattern, implementation, instruments , domain and evolution perspective. However, those methods have not been conductive to the firm with clearing the pros and cons of policy and responding, because of non-concerned policies' impacts on many fields at different levels. Based policies' utility in macro level and firms' response in micro, we propose a chassified perspective with utility - response mechanism according to the enforcement , impact intensity, continuing validity, financial incentive, impact layer, resource supply, response cycle and firms' attitude. And the cluster innovation and technology policy is divided into: urgent policies, authoritative policies, guidance policies, the stage policies and long-term policies. Using data of Zhongguancun Science Park in China from 2007 to 2011, we analyze the operation of different types of policies. The study provides useful and implications for the academician and practitioners.%创新模式、政策特性、政策工具,历史演化和涉及领域是创新科技政策的传统分类方法,没有关注政策在多领域不同层面的影响作用,不利于企业明确政策利弊和对政策进行响应决策.从宏观政策效用和微观企业响应出发,提出“效应—响应”分类思路,依据政策的强制程度、作用力度、持续效力、财政励度、影响层度以及资源供给强度、响应收益周期和企业响应态度,将集群创新科技政策分为:紧迫性政策、权威性政策、指导性政策、阶段性政策和长期性政策,并以中关村为案例,选用2007-2011年政策数据进行分析.最后,提出了政策建议和下一步的研究方向.
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