延迟脐带结扎对足月儿影响的meta分析

摘要

目的：评价延迟脐带结扎（DCC）对足月儿的影响。方法检索Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、EMBASE、中国知网、维普、万方数据库，检索时间均从1970年1月起至2013年4月；对纳入文献进行质量评价，并采用RevMan 5.1.0软件进行meta分析。结果共纳入10篇文献，总样本量为1623例。Meta分析结果显示，与立即结扎脐带相比，DCC可以明显提高足月儿出生后血红蛋白的水平（MD=2.19，95%CI：0.36~4.02），对足月儿6个月内血红蛋白的水平没有影响（MD=0.29，95%CI：-0.17~0.75），对足月儿6个月内贫血的发生率没有影响（RR=0.71，95%CI：0.45~1.12），但增加足月儿出生后红细胞增多症的发生率（RR=2.87，95%CI：1.24~6.62），对于高胆红素血症光疗没有影响（RR=2.46，95%CI：0.93~6.52）。结论DCC能改善足月儿出生后的血红蛋白水平；但关于合适的延长时间没有研究进行评价，需要进一步开展高质量、大样本随机对照试验评价合适的DCC的时间。%Objective To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of delayed cord clamping (DCC) in term infants. Methods The data of the Cochrane library, PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI , VIP, Wanfang from 1 January 1970 to 30 April 2013 were searched. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) of DCC in term infants were included.RevMan 5.1.0 was used in the statis-tical analysis. Results Ten studies involving 1623 participants were included. Meta-analysis based on included studies showed that:compared with immediate cord clamping (ICC), DCC improved the hemoglobin levels at birth (MD=2.19, 95%CI:0.36, 4.02) and increased the incidence of polycythaemia (RR=2.87, 95%CI:1.24, 6.62). Compared with ICC, DCC showed no signi-ficant difference in the phototherapy for hyperbilirubinemia (RR=2.46, 95%CI: 0.93, 6.52), the hemoglobin levels within 6 months (MD=0.29, 95%CI:-0.17, 0.75), and the incidence of anemia (RR=0.71, 95%CI:0.45, 1.12). Conclusions DCC can improve the hemoglobin level in term infants after birth. However, the appropriate time of cord clamping has not been deter-mined. It is necessary to undertake further studies with higher quality and larger scale to evaluate the optimal time of cord clam-ping.