目的：通过观察Bax抑制肽（BIP）对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤（HIBD）后神经元特异性烯醇化酶（NSE）表达的影响，了解其对新生大鼠脑的保护作用。方法7日龄Wistar大鼠随机分成假手术（Sham组）、BIP组、HIBD组，HIBD造模后在不同时间点进行皮质脑组织染色、免疫组化检测，观察细胞凋亡、NSE的表达。结果与Sham组相比，HIBD组大鼠脑组织凋亡病理改变明显，BIP组则有明显改善。HIBD组和BIP组大鼠NSE阳性细胞数随观察时间推移逐渐减少，差异均有统计学意义（P均<0.05）。48 h、96 h和7 d时NSE阳性细胞数在三组间的差异均有统计学意义（F=45.35~81.66，P均<0.01），其中48 h、96 h和7 d时，HIBD组NSE阳性细胞数均少于Sham组和BIP组；96 h和7 d时，BIP组NSE阳性细胞数均少于Sham组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）结论 BIP能减轻新生大鼠HIBD大脑皮质区神经细胞的凋亡，具有早期的神经保护作用。%Objective To observe the expression of neuron specific enolase (NEC) to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of a cell-penetrating Bax-inhibiting peptide (BIP) on neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods Wi-star rats (7-day old) were randomly divided into Sham group, BIP group and HIBD group. After modeling HIBD, the histologi-cal (HE staining) and immunohistochemistry methods were used to determine the apoptotic pathological changes and the NSE expression levels in the brain at different time points. Results Compared to the Sham group, the rats of HIBD group showed significant apoptotic pathological changes. The histological changes and the brain damages were improved significantly in BIP group at each sampling point. The number of NSE-positive cells was significantly decreased in HIBD and BIP groups over time (P<0.05). The number of NSE-positive cells had significant difference among different groups at 48 h, 96 h and 7 d after opera-tion (F=45.35-81.66, P<0.01). The number of NSE-positive cells in the HIBD group was smaller than that of the Sham group and BIP group 48 h after operation (P<0.05). The number of NSE-positive cells in the BIP group was smaller than that of the Sham group 96 h after operation (P<0. 05). Conclusions BIP can decrease the apoptosis of cortex nerve cells in 7-day old HIBD rat model, and may have neuroprotective effect on the early stage of HIBD.
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