合理用药是当前突出的公共卫生问题之一。儿童正处于生长发育阶段，对药物的吸收、分布、代谢、排泄以及药效学有不同于成人的特点，儿科临床合理用药面临更多的问题与挑战。文章概述了儿童用药现状、国内外关于合理用药的定义与标准、世界卫生组织和中国在促进儿童合理用药领域所采取的措施等，明确提出要全面提升认识，促进儿科临床合理用药，积极开展形式多样的宣传和健康教育活动，普及安全用药知识，引导公众形成良好的用药观念和习惯，提高社会安全用药意识，最大限度地保障儿童用药安全，维护儿童健康权益。%The irrational drug use is one of the major public health issues. As children are in growth, their drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and pharmacodynamic characteristics are different from those in adults, thus more challenges on how to make rational use of drugs in children are seen. In this paper, by analyzing current situation of irrational drug use in children, the definition and standards of the rational drug use, and the measures adopted by WHO and China in promoting rational use of drugs in children, we emphasize here and call for a promotion of the awareness of rational use of drugs in children, and activities in forms of propaganda and health education, popularization of medical science and the medication safety knowledge, guidance for the development of good medication beliefs and habits in public, improvement of the social security administration, maximization of the protection of children's medication safety, and maintenance of children's health rights and interests.
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