Objectives To investigate the bacterial distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in China. Methods Analysis was conducted in bacterial distribution and drug resistance of pathogens in PICU in four regions of China using method of system analysis. Results A total of 1 740 pathogenic strains were included, with 1 153 Gram-negative bacilli, 498 Gram-positive cocci and 89 fungi accounting for 66.3%, 28.6% and 5.1%, respectively. The most common pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to piperacillin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone and ceftazidime while sensitive to amikacin and imipenem. The resistant rate of Gram-positive cocci to penicillin was almost 100%, but the resistant rate to vancomycin was 0%. Conclusions Gram-negative bacilli are dominant pathogens in PICU. The resistant rate of bacteria to commonly used antibiotics is high.%目的 了解我国儿童重症监护病房(PICU)感染病原菌分布及耐药情况.方法 应用系统评价方法分析全国四个地区PICU 感染病原菌及耐药状况.结果 共纳入菌株1 740 株,其中革兰阴性杆菌1 153 株(66.3%),以克雷伯菌属及铜绿假单胞菌多见,革兰阳性球菌498 株(28.6%),真菌89 株(5.1%).革兰阴性杆菌对哌拉西林、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松和头孢他啶的耐药率较高,而对阿米卡星、亚胺培南较敏感.革兰阳性球菌对青霉素耐药率近100%,对万古霉素耐药率为0.结论 PICU感染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,细菌对常用抗生素耐药率较高.染病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,细菌对常用抗生素耐药率较高.
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