基于遥感和空间分析技术,利用MODIS数据对2000—2014年贵州省煤炭资源开采对植被的影响进行监测分析.采用最大值合成、平均值和一元线性回归分析等方法研究贵州省煤矿区植被变化特征,并运用地理探测器分析高程、坡度、坡向、土壤、多年平均降水量、多年平均气温和煤炭年产量对矿区植被变化的影响.结果表明,贵州省煤矿区NDVI值均大于0.77,整体生长状况较好,但低于全省平均水平,其中大型煤矿植被指数均值明显低于中、小型煤矿;在全省NDVI值处于上升趋势的情况下,大多数矿区(79.22%)植被也处于改善趋势,依然有部分矿区(13.42%)植被呈现退化趋势;全省总体而言,煤炭产量对矿区植被变化的解释力在7个因子中处于第3位,在遵义、毕节和六盘水市,其解释力分别排第4、5和5位,对植被变化解释力最大的是自然环境因子中的降水、土壤和坡度.%With the aid of remote sensing and spatial analysis technology and MODIS data, impacts of coal mining activi-ties on vegetation of Guizhou Province were analyzed. Variations of the vegetation in the coal mining areas of the province were analyzed and characterized with the maximum value composition, average and the unary linear regression analysis methods, and influences of elevation, aspect, slope, soil, mean annual precipitation of years and mean annual temperature of years and annual coal output on the vegetation in the coal mining areas of the province were explored. Re-sults show that the NDVIs of all the coal mining areas of the province were higher than 0. 77, which means the vegetation in the mining areas was pretty good in growth, but still poorer than the province′s average. Among the mining areas, large-sized mining areas were obviously lower than medium- and small-sized ones in NDVI; The NDVI of the province on the whole was on a rising trend. In a large proportion ( 79. 22%) of the coal mining areas vegetation was improving, but still in a small portion ( 13. 42%) it was degenerating;Among the seven factors affecting NDVI, coal output ranked third in the province as a whole, but fourth, fifth, and fifth in Zunyi, Bijie and Liupanshui, respectively. The main factors affecting the vegetation in the area were environmental factors like precipitation, soil and slope.
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