欠发达地区农民人均纯收入的空间非均衡与极化研究*--以甘肃省86个县为例

摘要

B ased on the data of farm ers’per capita net incom e in 86 counties in G ansu from 1988-2012, this paper conducted em pirical analysis of the polarization and the spatial inequality of farm ers’per capita net incom e in G ansu. R esults show that:1)the G ini coefficient and its decom position im ply that the overall regional disparity of farm ers’per capita net incom e in G ansu is significant;2)the changing trend of G ini coefficient is not sm ooth w ith obvious rises and declines,w hich are very differentfrom thatofthe developed areas;3)the incom e gap am ong the five regions displays a decreasing trend;4)the contribution rate of the gap betw een regions is increasing and the trans-variation intensity is declining;and 5)the interleaving degree betw een regions is declining. T he spatial polarization degree of farm ers’per capitanetincome,measuredbyER,EGR,andLU indexes,showsthattheregionalpolarizationoffarmers’percapitanet incom e in G ansu has significantly increased. C om pared w ith the developed areas, the polarization degree in G ansu Province does notshow any decreasing sign and regionalbalanced developm entstillface serious challenges.%本文利用甘肃86个县(区）1988-2012年间农民人均纯收入数据，综合运用基尼系数和极化指数，对全省县域农民人均纯收入的区域差异和极化程度进行了测评。结果表明：以基尼系数及其分解指标测度时，县域农民人均纯收入存在显著的空间差异，且趋同性与差异性共存。基尼系数变化趋势并不平稳，出现了反复波动，这一现象与发达地区形成反差。五大区域内收入差距逐渐收敛，超变密度的贡献率减小，区域间收入差距有所上升，表明县际农民人均纯收人在地区间交错程度有所下降，地区间差距是造成总体地区差距的主要来源。极化指数（ER、EGR和LU指数）呈现上升趋势，与发达地区相比，甘肃省的极化程度仍然未表现出下降的态势，区域间均衡发展面临的形势更为严峻。