新疆是我国的棉花主产区，棉花秸秆是棉花收获后的作物残体。为避免秸秆焚烧造成环境污染，棉花收获后必须把秸秆及时粉碎还田，否则直接影响来年复耕播种。本文针对目前水平旋转式秸秆还田机秸秆粉碎长度不均匀、留茬高度过高的问题，研制了一种Y型甩刀式秸秆粉碎还田机。通过对整机的结构配置、Y型甩刀的加工工艺、排列形式、刀轴转速及动平衡校核等关键技术进行理论分析，确定了其最佳结构及排列形式。通过对影响机具作业性能的主要因素进行正交试验，得出了工作参数的较优组合。经田间测试，当机具前进速度为9 km/h，滚刀转速为2400 r/min，刀片离地间隙为10 cm时，秸秆粉碎长度合格率为87.5％，留茬平均高度为9.5 cm，完全满足设计需求。该机型对促进棉花秸秆合理有效利用，以及我国可再生能源产业发展起到一定的作用。%X injiang is the m ain cotton-producing area in our country,cotton stalk is the crop residues after cotton harvest. In orderto avoid the environm entalpollution ofstraw burning caused ,itm ustsm ashed the straw quickly afterthe cotton harvest,oritw illdirectly affectthe seed planting in the nextyear.The currenthorizontalrotaried sm ashed straw m achine have the problem ,w hich crushed straw length is uneven and stubble is too long.W e develop the Y type cutting device of Smashed Straw Machine to solve this problem.Through the oreticalanalysis of the key working parts of the structure param eters, and orthogonal experim ent analysis of the m ain factors affecting to the quality of m achine operation, the optim al w orking param eters are obtained. B y the field test, w hen the m achine speed is 9 km/h, hob rotational speed is 2400r/min,bladeclearancetothegroundis10cm.Lengthofstraw crushingqualifiedrateis87.5%,stubbleheightis9.5 cm , fully m eet the design requirem ents. T his m achine could prom ote the developm ent of utilization cotton straw and renew able resource.
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