本文运用近20 a来江西省粮食种植面积、粮食产量、水稻种植面积和水稻产量等多源数据，结合GIS技术，探讨了1990-2011年江西省水稻的比较优势和江西省水稻种植面积与产量的时空变化特征。研究结果表明：1）江西省水稻生产具有综合比较优势和明显的规模比较优势，缺乏效率比较优势，三个比较优势指数总体上呈缓慢上升趋势；2）江西省市域水稻平均规模比较优势、效率比较优势和综合比较优势的总体差距均在缩小，其中水稻规模比较优势表现为“北进东移”态势，效率比较优势指数偏低；3）江西省水稻种植面积呈“W”型变化，总体趋势为增加，从空间变化来看，种植面积缩减主要在景德镇和九江，面积减少占变化量的18.18%，上饶、吉安和抚州是影响江西省水稻面积增加的重要区域；4）水稻单产呈“之”字型变化，波动十分明显，总产时增时减，两者总体趋势均为增加，且水稻总产与种植面积具有“同增同减”的规律，南昌、上饶和吉安是影响全省水稻稳产增产的重要区域。%B ased on the data of grain planting area, grain production, rice planting area and rice production of Jiangxi Province during 1990-2011 and w ith the help of G IS technology, this paper quantitatively analyzed the provincial com parative advantages of rice production, and then discussed the spatial and tem poral change characteristics of rice production at the city level in Jiangxi Province. R esults show that:1) B oth the aggregated and scale com parative advantage indices w ere high, show ing a significant advantage of rice production in Jiangxi Province;H ow ever, the corresponding efficiency com parative advantage index w ere relatively low;and the three indices generally show ed a slow ly increasing trend. 2) T he com prehensive gaps am ong the average-scale com parative advantage, efficiency com parative advantage and aggregated com parative advantage w ere narrow ed. A m ong them , the scale com parative advantage displayed upw ard and eastw ard changing trend w ith a low efficiency com parative advantage.3) R ice planting area in Jiangxifluctuated in a W -shape m annerw ith an overallincreasing trend during 1990-2011.Spatially,the decline of rice planting area w as found in tw o cities,Jingdezhen and Jiujiang w ith a reduction ratio of 18.18%;W hile other cities such asShangrao,Ji’an and Fuzhou increased theirrice areassignificantly.4)Both the per-unitarea yield ofrice and totalrice production varied dram atically in a zigzag m annerw ith a generalincreasing trend.Spatially,the cities such as N anchang,Shangrao and Ji’an served asthe key regionsforenhancing rice production in thisprovince.
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