拦截高速机动目标的最优制导律

摘要

对于远距离拦截高速、大机动目标,不仅拦截弧段长,拦截飞行时间也更久.拦截弹在飞行过程中的能量管理与优化问题,也是在拦截制导律设计时必须要考虑的问题.将非线性弹目运动关系降阶简化后,运用最优控制理论,将能量管理纳入考虑中,得出针对高速、机动目标的最优制导律,且可以满足终端碰撞角约束.通过引入分段线性和指数两种形式的阻尼,使得导弹在拦截高速高加速目标时,对目标机动的敏感度随弹目距离变化,从而达到能量管理的目的.通过二维非线性仿真验证了制导律的性能.%For long-distance interception of high-speed,large maneuvering target,not only the interception arc is longer,but also interception time is longer.Therefore the guidance law design cannot make all costs to follow the target, but also consider the energy management issues.By reducing the nonlinear kinematics problem's order, using optimal control theory, and taking energy management into consideration, the optimal guidance law for high speed and maneuvering target was obtained,and the terminal collision angle constraint could be satisfied.By introducing the damping of the two forms of linearity and exponential, the sensitivity of the missile to the target maneuver changes with the distance of the target when it intercepts the high speed and high acceleration target,so as to achieve the goal of energy management.The performance of the guidance law was verified by two-dimensional nonlinear simulation.