boundary

摘要： Eco-geographical regionalization involves dividing land into regions by considering both intra-regional consistency and interregional disparity and is based on the pattern of differentiation of eco-geographical elements.Owing to the complexity of the land surface,and the limitation of data and appropriate methods,regions in China have hitherto been mapped manually,meaning that the process of mapping was non-repeatable.To make the regionalization technique repeatable,this study aimed to extract and quantify the expert knowledge of regionalization using an automated method.The rough set method was adopted to extract rules of regionalization based on the existing eco-geographical regionalization map of China,as well as its corresponding meteorological and geological datasets.Then,the rules for regionalization were obtained hierarchically for each natural domain,each temperature zone,and each humidity region.Owing to differences in zonal differentiation,the rule extraction sequence for the eastern monsoon zone and Tibetan Alpine zone was temperature zone first followed by humidity region,with the reverse order being applied for the northwest arid/semi-arid zone.Results show that the extracted indicators were similar to those of the existing(expert-produced)regionalization scheme but more comprehensive.The primary indicator for defining temperature zones was the≥10°C growing season,and the secondary indicators were the January and July mean temperatures.The primary and secondary indicators for identifying humid regions were aridity index and precipitation,respectively.Eco-geographical regions were mapped over China using these rules and the gridded indicators.Both the temperature zones and humidity regions mapped by the rules show≥85%consistency with the existing regionalization,which is higher than values for mapping by the commonly used simplified method that uses the classification of one indicator.This study demonstrates that the proposed rough set method can establish eco-geographical regionalization that is quantitative and repeatable and able to dynamically updated.

摘要： Dear editor,In this letter,the boundary tension constraint-based adaptive boundary control problem is investigated for a class of flexible string systems with unknown boundary disturbances and unknown parameters,with the purpose of suppressing transverse and longitudinal vibrations.

摘要： DEAR EDITOR,We examined the distribution,population,and conservation status of the critically endangered Myanmar or black snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus strykeri)via field surveys over 26 months(2019-2021)in the Pianma region of the China-Myanmar border.Contrary to previous reports,we only identified one group in the region,which was a cross-border group occupying a multi-year home range of 51.50-57.02 km^(2).The current group size was much larger(155-160 individuals)than that in 2012-2014(ca 100 individuals),and the group appeared to be growing.However,confirmed poaching,mining,and transboundary forest fires on the Myanmar side of the border threaten their survival.

摘要： This article will use Foucaulfs theory to critically consider the relationship between power,people,space and society at the boundary where different powers conflict with each other.Through the analysis of the project“Decolonizing Al Nada,”this article will discuss how relations with those with power and social mentality are reframed at the border through the reconstruction of architecture and space.

摘要： In recent years, a vast amount of work has been done on initial value problems for important nonlinear evolution equations like the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) and the Korteweg-de Vries equation (KdV). No comparable attention has been given to mixed initial-boundary value problems for these equations, i.e. forced nonlinear systems. But in many cases of physical interest, the mathematical model leads precisely to the forced problems. For example, the launching of solitary waves in a shallow water channel, the excitation of ion-acoustic solitons in a double plasma machine, etc. In this article, we present the PDE (Partial Differential Equation) method to study the following iut = uxx - g|u|pu, g ∈ R, p > 3, x?∈ Ω = [0,L], 0 ≤?t?u (x,0) = u0 (x) ∈?H2 (Ω) and Robin inhomogeneous boundary condition ux (0,t) + αu (0,t) = R1(t), t ≥ 0 and ux (L,t) + αu (L,t) = R2 (t), t ≥ 0 (here?α?is a real number). The equation is posed in a semi-infinite strip on a finite domain Ω. Such problems are called forced problems and have many applications in other fields like physics and chemistry. The main tool of PDE method is semi-group theory. We are able to prove local existence and uniqueness theorem for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation under initial condition and Robin inhomogeneous boundary condition.

摘要： In this article,under suitable conditions on the internal term f(·)and the bound-ary nonlinear term g(·),we prove blow-up results for a class of nonclassical diffusion equations with nonlinear boundary condition.

摘要： This paper deals with some parabolic equations,where the reaction and the boundary flux are taken of some general forms.We study the explicit blow-up time estimates according to the different coupled relationship,including the lower and upper bounds of blow-up time for every dimension of space domains.As examples,the results could be used to so many completely coupled models.

摘要： To explore the inherent characteristics of combustion-induced heat transfer in a flat flame furnace,a sophisticated hybrid method is introduced by combining a computer-based tomography(CT)-algebraic iterative algorithm and Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy(TDLAS).This technique is used to analyze the distribution of vapor concentration and furnace temperature.It is shown that by using this strategy a variety of details can be obtained,which would otherwise be out of reach.

摘要： This study focuses on investigating spatial variation of ground motion that has great influence on the dynamic behavior of the large structures located on the surface topography.One of the most effective parameters on the spatial variation of ground motion is the difference between the arrival time of seismic waves in different points located on the abutments.In this research,a three-dimensional model of the Pacoima Dam site is prepared.The time domain 3 D boundary element method is used to apply non-uniform excitation at the dam supports.This model is subjected to vertically propagating incident SH and P waves.The time delay can be characterized by calculating the value of the time delay for which the cross-correlation between two records is maximized.Finally,to obtain the time delay in a topographic site,a function considering effective parameters such as the height from the canyon base,wave velocity and predominant frequency,is presented.Furthermore,a code was developed for generating the spatially variation of seismic ground motions.The results show that the proposed functions have an acceptable accuracy in estimating the time delay to generate non-uniform ground motion.