heating

摘要： This research evaluates the performance of a Phase Change Material(PCM)battery integrated into the climate system of a new transparent meeting center.The main research questions are:a.“Can the performance of the battery be calculated?”and b.“Can the battery reduce the heating and cooling energy demand in a significant way?”The first question is answered in this document.In order to be able to answer the second question,especially the way the heat loading in winter should be improved,then more research is necessary.In addition to the thermal battery,which consists of Phase Change Material plates,the climate system has a cross-flow heat exchanger and a heat pump.The battery should play a central role in closing the thermal balance of the lightweight building,which can be loaded with hot return or cold outdoor air.The temperature of the battery plates is monitored by multi-sensors and simulated by the use of PHOENICS(Computational Fluid Dynamics)and MATLAB.This paper reports reasonable agreement between the numerical predictions and the measurements,with a maximum variance of 10%.The current coefficient of performance for heating and cooling is already high,more than 27.There is scope for increasing this much further by making use of the very low-pressure difference of the battery(below 25 Pascal),low pressure fans and the ventilation system as a whole.

摘要： It is difficult for solanum crops to grow continuously during winter in severe cold regions. Thus, a soil heating system for facility agriculture based on solar concentration technology was proposed, and a novel compound parabolic concentration photothermal and photoelectricity device(CTPV) equipped in the system was designed to address this problem. In accordance with the structure of the device, LightTools optical software was selected to analyze the variation trend of the light escape rate of the device with the diff erent incident angles. On the basis of the calculation results, an experimental test system was used to investigate the relationship of the air temperature of the inlet and the outlet, total output power of the solar cells, and photothermal and photoelectricity efficiency of the device with the operation time during a sunny day. Research results reveal that the light escape rate of the device is 5.36% at an incidence angle of 12°. At a velocity of 1.5 m/s, the maximum air temperature of the outlet can reach 55.6 °C, and the total output power of the solar cells is 474.4 W. The variation of the total power of the solar cells is consistent with the simulation results. The maximum instantaneous heat collection and the maximum photothermal and photoelectricity efficiency of the device are 306 W and 60.4%, respectively, and the average efficiency is 44.9%. This study can serve as a reference for compound parabolic concentration technology applied for soil heating in facility agricultural soil heating systems.

摘要： This paper will provide a proposed solution for saving energy consumption due to residential air conditioners by reducing the window air conditioners type which is the most consumed energy and has a big percent of spreading inside KSA than the split type, also it will discuss some restrictions for trading and manufacturing of air conditioner devices inside KSA besides some restrictions on market and buildings to achieve the objective of reducing the consumption of energy which become a big trend in kingdom vision 2030. The results of this suggesting solution will help the decision-makers to start its plan for execution as it has a big difference between using window type from 2022 till 2030 and if we stop its sales and replace by an efficient one of split AC type in energy consumption in addition to CO2 emission reduction and decreasing of energy cost, hence our kingdom can save petroleum raw materials and keeping the environment to become clean from pollutants so that these resources are delivered to successive generations correct and clean as we received them from those before us.

摘要： https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/energy-and-buildings/vol/255/suppl/C Volume 255,15 January 2022(1)Field measurements and numerical analysis on operating modes of a radiant floor heating aided by a warm air system in a large single-zone church,by Ying Zhang,Chenbo Zhao,Thomas Olofsson,et al,Article 111646(OA)Abstract:Space heating can constitute 60%~80%of the total energy use of buildings in cold climates.Efficient heating techniques in buildings still rely on operating strategies.In this paper,a church with radiant floor heating in a cold climate is taken as a case of a large single-zone building to analyze the energy use for heating.Field measurements and numerical analysis are both used in the study.Different operating modes of heating,including intermittent heating and constant set-point heating,are compared for energy saving,reliability on indoor climate,and thermal comfort.The intermittent heating by an allair system with supplied air temperature control results in the highest energy use.The constant set-point air temperature radiant floor heating aided by a warm air system(return air temperature control)is least affected by outdoor temperature with the best reliability and met the thermal comfort requirements throughout the heating season.

摘要： The study aimed to investigate and compare the contents of carboxymethyllysine(CML)in two kinds of broilers during postmortem ageing and storage.The contents of CML in raw and boiled(100°C,30 min)broiler briskets and legs which were from white feather broilers(n=8)and yellow feather broilers(n=8)with ageing and storage at 4°Cfor 0-168 h were determined.Postmortem ageing and storage had a significant(P0.05)change,while that in boiled brisket meat significantly(P0.05)effect on the CML contents in raw/boiled yellow feather broilers.Meanwhile,CML contents in white feather broilers were much higher than that in yellow feather broilers.Thus,white feather broilers can be selected as the research object to study the mechanism of ageing and storage on CML content in the postmortem broiler in the future.

摘要： My landlord texted me saying we need to meet up and talk about how high my heating bill is.I replied back:Sure,my door is always open.

摘要： Heat is the largest energy end-use in the world,accounting for about 50%of global final energy consumption.In 2019,the International Energy Agency pointed out that the development of renewable energy heating has become a key way for the global response to climate change,environmental pollution control,energy transformation and sustainable development.Biomass energy as a priority for the development of renewable heat sources has been valued by countries around the world.Developed earlier in the EU countries,their biomass heating technology is more mature,and their policy system is more comprehensive.Accounting for 86%of the total renewable thermal energy consumption,biothermal energy in these countries has achieved significant effect and become an important driving force for the decarbonization of the heating industry.This practice has a very high demonstration effect globally.This paper constructs a comprehensive zoning theoretical framework of biomass energy heating and utilization in the EU countries.Based on the calculation of the supply and demand potential of biomass energy heating system,the FCM method is used to quantify the status of biomass resource utilization in 28 EU countries.The results show that there are significant differences in the utilization of biomass energy heating in the EU countries,which can be divided into five categories of comprehensive zones,which are the key development category(Finland,Sweden,Denmark,Estonia,Lithuania and Latvia),resource priority category(Austria,Croatia,Bulgaria,Romania,and Slovenia),policy-oriented category(Germany,Italy,Portugal,and Cyprus),good-potential category(Czech Republic,Hungary,Greece,Spain,Poland,France,and Slovakia)and under-developed category(UK,Netherlands,Belgium,Ireland,Luxembourg and Malta).At the same time,this paper discusses the characteristics and causes of biomass heating utilization of different types of EU countries,and summarizes the mature heating systems and rich experience in the EU countries with China’s current heating situation and its future challenges concerning renewable energy development.Finally,this study provides some implications for China’s clean heating development,energy efficient use,energy supply security and energy structure upgrade.

摘要： Inorganic perovskites(Cs Pb X3(X=I,Br,Cl))have broad prospection in the field of high-definition displaying due to its excellent optoelectronic characteristics.The vacuum deposition process possesses advantages and competitiveness in the industrialized production.However,the performance of light emitting diodes(LEDs)based on vacuum-deposited is incredibly low.Herein,we proposed a heating-assisted vacuum deposition(HAVD)method to construct inorganic perovskite LEDs(Pe LEDs)with enhanced performance.The roughness and crystallinity of perovskite film were improved by regulating the heating treatment of substrates.And the perovskite film exhibited largely rise in luminescence,with decreasing defect density.Consequently,with the optimized temperature,the green Pe LEDs exhibited 100-fold improvement of external quantum efficiency(EQE)with the luminance of up to 11941 cd/m2,and the full width at half-maximum(FWHM)of the electroluminescence(EL)spectra was decreased from 25 to 17 nm.At the same time,the red and blue Pe LEDs also exhibited obvious enhancement in EQE and luminance by HAVD method,and both the FWHM of EL spectra dropped below 20 nm,exhibiting excellent high color purity.HAVD strategy has a huge potential to be a new commonly used method for low-cost fabrication of displays and lighting.

摘要： The effect of viscosity depending exponentially on temperature on the onset of penetrative ferro-thermal-convection (FTC) in a saturated horizontal porous layer in the presence of vertical magnetic field is investigated. The bounding surface of the ferrofluid layer is considered to be rigid-rigid and insulated to temperature perturbations. The resulting eigenvalue problem is solved numerically using the Galerkin technique and also analytically by a regular perturbation technique with wave number as a perturbation parameter. The analytical and numerical results are found to be concurrence. The characteristics of stability of the system are strongly dependent on the viscosity parameter B. The effect of B on the onset of ferroconvection in a porous layer is dual in nature depending on the choices of physical parameters and a sublayer starts to form at higher values of B. Whereas, increase in magnetic number M1 and the Darcy number Da is to advance the onset of ferroconvection in a porous layer. The nonlinearity of fluid magnetization M3?is found to have no influence on the onset of ferroconvection.